Trunk muscle endurance and upper extremity performance in healthy adults
Bayram Bilgi1
, Bihter Akınoğlu1, Ayfer Ezgi Yılmaz2, Arife Akbulut1, Salman Usman Shehu1, Şeyda Toprak Çelenay1
1Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Türkiye
2Department of Statistics, Hacettepe University Ankara, Türkiye
Keywords: Muscle strength, trunk endurance, performance tests, upper extremity
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between trunk muscle endurance and upper extremity performance in healthy adult individuals.
Materials and Methods: A total of 139 healthy individuals aged between 18-59 were recruited for the study. The McGill Trunk Muscle Endurance Tests, Upper Limb Rotation Test, Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test, and Upper Extremity Y-Balance Test were evaluated to investigate the correlation between trunk muscle endurance and upper extremity performance.
Results: A same-directional and low-level relationship was found between upper extremity rotation test scores and extensor endurance and flexor endurance test scores [rs=0.382; rs=0.329; rs=0.244; rs=0.243; (p<0.001)]. A same-directional and moderate relationship was found between upper extremity rotation test scores and flexor endurance, right and left lateral endurance scores [rs=0.446; rs=0.453; rs=0.460; rs=0.476; (p<0.001)]. A direct low level relationship was found between closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test score and trunk endurance test scores [rs=0.265; rs=0.208; rs=0.319; rs=0.359; (p<0.001)]. Also, a same-directional and low-level relationship was found between upper extremity Y-balance test scores and extensor and flexor endurance test scores [rs=0.275; rs=0.232; rs=0.274; rs=0.361; (p<0.001)]. A same-directional and moderate relationship was found between upper extremity Y-balance test scores and right and left lateral endurance test scores [rs=0.460; rs=0.432; rs=0.503; rs=0.455; (p<0.001)].
Conclusions: The results indicate that as trunk muscle endurance improved in healthy adults, there is a linear increase in upper extremity performance. These findings underscore the multifaceted nature of the kinetic chain in movements and the significant relationship between upper extremity and trunk stability. Therefore, this study suggests that to enhance individuals’ upper extremity performance, trunk muscle endurance exercises should take place in training programmes.
Cite this article as: Bilgi B, Akinoglu B, Yilmaz AE, Akbulut A, Shehu SU, Toprak Celenay S. Trunk muscle endurance and upper extremity performance in healthy adults. Turk J Sports Med. 2025 Apr 29th; https://doi.org/10.47447/tjsm.0860
The approval for this study was obtained from Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University Health Sciences Ethics Committee (Decision no: 06-273, Date: 14.06.2023).
Concept – BB; Design – BB; Supervision – BA, ŞTÇ; Materials: AA; Data Collect on and/or Processing – BB; Analysis and İnterpretation –AEY ; Literature Review – BB, BA; Writing manuscript – BB, BA, SS; Critical Reviews – BA, ŞTÇ, AA, BB. All authors contributed to the final version of the manuscript and discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript.
The authors declared no conflicts of interest with respect to authorship and/or publication of the article.
The authors received no financial support for the research and/or publication of this article.
